Directions: You are expected to study this section in class. Don’t preview.

Word Pretest

For each italicized word or expression, choose the best meaning below.

1. The lady said that she was a close friend of the royal family and he was naive    enough to believe her.
A. primitive            B. simple-minded
C. unreasonable        D. foolish
2. The old fat man looks ridiculous in that old jeans.
A. smart              B. silly
C. youthful            D. high-spirited
3. The negotiations are at a very delicate stage.
A. elegant             B. sensitive
C. important           D. crucial
4. I can't recall where we met last month.
A. tell                B. describe
C. remember           D. find
5. If you keep working at this rate you could wind up with a heart attack.
A. start with           B. cope with
C. end up with         D. deal with
6.  We are under no obligation to give him what he wants.
A. promise            B. duty
C. pressure            D. agreement
7. The warm sunny weather always gives me a sense of well-being.
A. excitement          B. good health and happiness
C. existence           D. good luck
8. Some people are struck down by the stresses of modern life.
A. difficulties           B. luxury
C. expense            D. tension

Text A
Show Me the Way to Go Home

First Maggie, then 20, asked Stepmom and Dad if she could store a few boxes  with them in Washington while she looked for another place to live. Then Maggie said she would like to move in to be with her boxes until her boyfriend Joe bought an apartment. Next Maggie asked whether Joe could move in "temporarily" until the apartment deal was closed. When Lucy and Pablo Sanchez returned home from   vacation last Christmas, they found their small living room full of his boxes and a   second welcome mat next to their own on the front porch. Lucy Sanchez immediately did what any loving but annoyed parent would do: "I had a headache," she says.
Such tales are becoming increasingly familiar as American parents are forced to make room for their adult children. "There is a naive notion that children grow up and leave home when they're 18, and the truth is far from that," says Sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin in Madison. Today, according to the US government, 59% of men and 47% of women between 18 and 24 depend on their   parents for housing, some living in college dorms but most at home. In 1970 the figures were 54% and 41%. Also, 14% of men and 8% of women ages 25 to 34 are   dependent on their parents for housing, in contrast to 9.5% and 6.6% in 1970. "This is part of a major shift in the middle class," declares Sociologist, Allan Schnaiberg of   Northwestern University.
Experts state a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home particularly attractive to young people, say   experts. A high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt people back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so high that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, young people find it difficult to solve the housing problem.  Sociologist Carlfred Broderick of the University of Southern California in Los Angeles has a son, 31, and a daughter, 27, in residence. He says:
"They are finding that the good life is not spontaneously generated out there."
Sallie Knighton, 26, moved back to her parents' suburban Atlanta home to save enough money to buy a car. Her job as a teacher provided only enough money to cover car payments and an additional loan she had taken out. Once the loan was paid off, she decided to try a modeling career. Living at home, says Knighton, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother says: "It's ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home." Bradley Kulat, 25, makes about $22 000 a year as an equipment technician in a hospital. That is enough to support a modest household, but he chooses to live at his parents' house outside Chicago. He recently bought an $8 000 car and owns an $800 stereo-system His mother says: "It keeps you thinking younger, trying to keep up with them."         
Sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate  balancing act. At 34, Esther Rodriguez was afraid of returning to her parents' Denver     home after three years of law school forced her $20 000 into debt. "I thought it was    going to be a restriction on my independence," she recalls. Instead, she was touched     when her father installed a desk and phone in the basement  so she would have a private study. The Sanchez family too has made a success of the arrangement. "Family is family, and we believe and act on that," says Lucy Sanchez. But for others, the situation proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times --and left three times. "What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem," she explains. "He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to sneak around or meet them at friends' houses."
Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on?
Lucille Cafiini of Brooklyn returned home with her two daughters after a divorce.
That was almost twelve years ago. She is now 37 and her daughters 18 and 16. They still live with Carlini's mother Edie, who has welcomed having three generations in the same house. Still, most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mistake. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can wind up with "a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure," says one researcher. And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves full of responsibilities. One expert says, "Living with children of any age involves compromise and obligation, factors that can be harmful to some aspects of well-being All children, even adult children, require accommodation and create stress."
Brief visits, however, can work beneficially. Five years ago Ellen Rancilio returned to the Detroit area to live with her father after her marriage broke up. She    stayed only seven months, but "it made us much closer," she says. Indeed, the    experience was so positive that she would not hesitate to put out the welcome mat5 when her own three sons are grown. She declares: "If they needed help like I did, yes."
Total words: 897
Total reading time: __ minutes     seconds
                    
The text is based on The Times: An English Reader by Marion Elliott and Peter Strut. London: Collins Let, 1984.

◆Reading Comprehension
Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false.

__ 1. Maggie and her boyfriend moved into her parents' home last Christmas.
__ 2. According to the US government, 59% of men and 47% of women between 18 and 24 are living with their parents.
__ 3. Both economical and psychological pressures make those divorced people         return to their parents' home.
__ 4. Many students attend local schools because they like to live with their family.
__ 5. Some parents think it makes them feel younger to live with their children.
__ 6. Not all the live-in children enjoy a happy relationship with their parents.
__ 7. Some psychologists believe that it is unhealthy for several generations of a         family to live together for a long period of time.
__ 8. Ellen benefited from her own experience and is ready to welcome her children  back if they needed help in the future.

◆Vocabulary Building
①Word Search
Find a word in the texts which means:

1. a person who studies the development, organization, functioning, and classification of human societies (A: 25)
2. naturally (A: 27)
3. a disagreement; an argument (A: 38)
4. go quietly and secretly (A: 48)
5. a sum of money paid for professional services (B: 17)
6. a socket (B: 18)
7. have a lot of space (B: 30)
8. comfortable (B: 34)
9. move slowly with the body to the ground (B: 49)
10. usual or habitual (B: 73)

②Semantic Variation
For each italicized word, decide which semantic variation best expresses the meaning of the author. Circle the letter of the best answer.

1. store(A: 1)
A. a supply for future use
B. a large shop
C. to put in a special place for future use
2. deal (A: 5)
A. an arrangement in business
B a quantity
C to give
3. shift (A: 17)
A. a change
B. a period of time during which people work in a factory
C. move
4. lot(B:6)
A. a great quantity
B. a piece of land
C. fortune
5. park (B: 8)
A. to stop and leave a car temporarily
B. a piece of grassy land in a town used for public pleasure and rest
C. spacious grounds of a country house with trees and grass
6. charge (B: 16)
A. to ask somebody to pay
B. to accuse
C. to make a sudden attack

③Stems
Study the following stems and their meanings. List some more examples in the space provided  

sens/sent      1.           2.           3.           4:                      
stru/struct     1.           2.           3.           4:                       

Read each of the following sentences, and write down the meaning of the italicized word in the space provided

1. Their decision to have a holiday is sensible.
sensible:

2. This building has a structural fault.
structural:

3. A sensitive skin is easily hurt by too much sunshine.
sensitive:    

4. Mary's parents would not consent to her marrying a foreigner.
consent:

5. Those anticancer drugs are effective, but also destructive to white blood cells.
destructive:

6. The new railway is still under construction.
construction:

④Antonyms
Circle the one word in each of the following groups that is the antonym of the other three.

1. separate         attached          divided          segregate
2. harmful         detrimental          helpful           damaging
3. mobile          moveable           fixed            migratory
4. spacious         roomy           limited           large
5. delight          happiness          displeasure       joy

◆ Cloze
Fill in each blank with a word given blow. Change the form of the word if necessary.

spread        inexpensively      disastrous              plentiful
fire           room            uncomfortable          difficult

In Europe there are very few wooden houses being built today. This is partly because wood is no longer as          as it once was, and partly because wooden houses catch           quite easily. On the other hand, there are many wooden houses in America. This is because the first settlers wanted to build houses quickly and         . Since the country was covered in many places with forests, some trees had to be cut down to make         for houses.
Houses in many cities used to be made of wood. However, since the houses were very close together, fire could easily         from one house to another. There were       fires in some cities, such as the great fire of London in 1666.
There are so many people living in some cities that it is often very         to find a place to live, and if one does find a place it is often too small. And many of the houses are too old and         . Just as in prehistoric times, finding a good place to live continues to be one of man's most urgent problems.